Undergraduate Requirements

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• Bachelor of Science degree with a major in Wildlife
  • Wildlife Program Overview
  • Preparing to be a Wildlife Major
• Option in Wildlife Management & Conservation
• Option in Conservation Biology/Applied Vertebrate Ecology
• Minor in Wildlife (suspended)

See Wildlife Masters Program for information on the master of science degree with an option in Wildlife.

Department Chair
Richard Brown, Ph.D.
Wildlife & Fisheries Building 220
(707) 826-3320
www.humboldt.edu/wildlife

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The Program

Humboldt’s wildlife students have the advantage of living close to the ocean, wetlands, and many wildlife sanctuaries. Nearly five million acres of national forest, parks, and public wilderness lands offer hands-on study of wildlife, ecology, and management. Students frequently take field trips to surrounding wildlife areas and focus on laboratory study.

Humboldt’s graduates do well as: wildlife biologists, soil scientists, wildlife managers, wildlife refuge managers, park rangers, naturalists, preserve managers, fish and game wardens, conservation officers, fisheries technicians, forestry technicians, range conservationists, agricultural inspectors, and environmental planners.

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Preparation

In high school take mathematics, chemistry, biology, and any environmental studies that may be available. Students are expected to be proficient in computer applications.

Requirements for the Major

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Option 1 Wildlife Management & Conservation

Download the Major Contract (pdf)
Download the 4 Year Plan (pdf)
Download the GEAR and Major Planning Guide (pdf)
Download the Recommended GEs (pdf)
Download 4 Year Plan Template (pdf)
View the Five Year Course Rotations

LOWER DIVISION

Life Sciences

• BIOL 105 Principles of Biology
  • (4). Fundamental processes of life. Structure and function of cells, genetics, evolution, and ecology. [Prereq: CHEM 107 or 109. All with grade of C - or better. Weekly: 3 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab. GE.]
• BOT 105 General Botany
  • (4). Structure, function, reproduction, life cycles, and phylogenetic relationships of major plant groups. Relationships of plants to other organisms and to human activities. [Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 6 hrs lab. GE.]
• ZOOL 110 General Zoology
  • (4). Structure, function, evolution, and diversity of major groups of animals. [Weekly: 3 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]

Physical Sciences

• CHEM 107 Fundamentals of Chemistry
  • (4). Terminal course. Fundamental concepts and applications of general and inorganic chemistry. [Letter grade only. Prereq: math code 30. Weekly: 3 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab. GE.]


• One of the following:


• CHEM 110 General Chemistry
  • (5) FS. Fundamental concepts: stoichiometry, gases, atomic theory, solutions, bonding, acid/base theory, kinetics, equilibrium, thermochemistry, aqueous equilibria, thermodynamics, electrochemistry, descriptive inorganic chemistry, qualitative analysis. For students in science, engineering, and related majors. [Letter grade only. Prereq: math code 40. Prereq for CHEM 110: CHEM 109. CHEM 109: weekly: 3 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab, 1 hr disc. CHEM 110: weekly: 3 hrs lect, 6 hrs lab.]
• CHEM 128 Introduction to Organic Chemistry
  • (3). An introductory course in organic chemistry for natural resource majors. Topics will include structure and bonding, nomenclature, and common functional groups and their reactivity. [Prereq: CHEM 107. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]
• PHYX 106 College Physics: Mechanics & Heat
  • (4). Noncalculus, for science majors. Mechanics, fluids, heat, sound. [Prereq: MATH 115 or math code 50. Weekly: 3 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab. GE.]
• SOIL 260 Introduction to Soil Science
  • (3). Soil's physical, chemical, and biological properties. Implications for land management. Identify soil parent materials; use soil survey reports. [Prereq: CHEM 107 or 109 or IA. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]
• GSP 270 Introduction to Geographic Information Science (GIS)
  • (3). Introductory course in Geographic Information Science and spatial analysis involving collection, manipulation, display, and analysis of geographically referenced data. Raster and Vector data, overlays, buffer, proximity analysis and SQL queries. [Prereq: GSP 101 and GSP 101L. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]

Mathematics

• MATH 115 Algebra & Elementary Functions
  • (4) FS. In-depth treatment of exponential, logarithmic, trigonometric, and polynomial functions. [Prereq: HSU MATH 42, or math code 40, or MATH 44. Weekly: 3 hrs. lect. and 1 hr. discussion.]
• STAT 109 Introductory Biostatistics
  • (4). Descriptive statistics, probability, random variables, discrete and continuous distributions, confidence intervals, contingency tests, regression and correlation, tests of hypothesis, analysis of variance. Emphasis: methods and applications used in the biological and natural resource sciences. [Prereq: MATH 115 (may be concurrent with IA) or math code 50 or IA. GE.]

Conservation, Policy & Administration

• WLDF 210 Introduction to Wildlife Conservation & Administration
  • (3). History of relationship between wildlife and people, including laws and regulatory agencies. Different cultural perspectives.
• WLDF 244 Wildlife Policy & Animal Welfare
  • (1). Roles of policy, values, ethics, and animal welfare in research and the management of wildlife. Review relevant laws, with emphasis on Animal Welfare Act. [CR/NC.]

UPPER DIVISION

• WLDF 301 Principles of Wildlife Mgmt.
  • (3). Plant / animal ecology; population dynamics; philosophy. [Prereq: MATH 115 or equivalent, WLDF 210, BIOL 105 or BOT 105 or ZOOL 110. GE. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 1 hr disc/quiz; or 3 hrs lect.]
• BOT 330 Plant Ecology (lecture only)
  • (2). Principles governing structure and dynamics of plant populations and communities. Topics include community sampling, interspecific interactions, population viability analysis, and conservation issues. [Prereq: BIOL 330 or WLDF 301 or WLDF 310 or FOR 231 with a grade of C- or higher.]
• BOT 350 Plant Taxonomy
  • (4). Identify ferns, gymnosperms, and flowering plants. Recognize families and key plants in the local flora. [Prereq: BIOL 105 and BOT 105, or their equivalents. Both with a grade of C- or higher. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 6 hrs lab or field trip.]


• WLDF 302 / PHIL 302 Environmental Ethics
  • (3). Philosophical approaches to natural resource use. Ethical and legal perspectives. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 1 hr disc. GE.]
• or
• WLDF 309 / PHIL 309 Case Studies in Environmental Ethics
  • (3). Human influence on distribution of world's fauna. Ethical perspectives. [GE. CWT. Prereq: completed lower division GE area B.]
• or
• EMP 425 Environmental Impact Assessment
  • (3). Legislative/judicial history and current implementation of National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). Practice analyzing and preparing impact assessments for development projects. [Recommended preparation: EMP 325. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, one 3-hr lab.]


• WLDF 311 Wildlife Techniques
  • (4). Management and research techniques. [Prereq: WLDF 244, WLDF 301, STAT 109 or equivalent, or IA. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 1 hr disc, 3 hrs lab.]
• WLDF 365 Ornithology I
  • (3). Classification, life histories, ecology, behavior, and special adaptations of birds. Identification in field and lab. [Prereq: BIOL 105 and ZOOL 110, or their equivalents. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]
• ZOOL 356 Mammalogy
  • (3). Comparative mammalian biology. Systematics, morphology, behavior, reproduction, physiology, ecology, zoogeography. [Prereq: BIOL 105 and ZOOL 110. All with grades of C- or higher. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]
• ZOOL 354 Herpetology
  • (4). Biology, classification, anatomy, distribution, and life histories of amphibians and reptiles. [Prereq: BIOL 105 and ZOOL 110. All with grades of C- or higher. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 6 hrs lab.]
• or
• FISH 310 Ichthyology
  • (4) FS. Biology of fishes and fishlike vertebrates. Anatomy/concepts of systematics of fishes; classifying fishes, particularly commercial, game, and forage species. [Prereq: ZOOL 110. Weekly: 3 hrs lect. 3 hrs lab.]
• or
• ZOOL 314 Invertebrate Zoology
  • (5). Comparative functional morphology, life histories, and phylogeny of invertebrates. [Prereq: BIOL 105 and ZOOL 110. All with grades of C- or higher. Weekly: 3 hrs lect, 6 hrs lab.]
• or
• ZOOL 358 General Entomology
  • (4). Classification, identification, anatomy, physiology, ecology, behavior, control of insects. [Prereqs: BIOL 105 and ZOOL 110. All with grades of C- or higher. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 6 hrs lab/field trip.]

Life Forms & Applied Science / Management

Two of the following courses:

• WLDF 420 Wildlife Management (Waterfowl)
  • (3). Life histories, ecology, behavior, management of waterfowl and allied species. [Prereq: WLDF 301, 311, or IA. Recommended: WLDF 365. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]
• WLDF 421 Wildlife Management (Upland Game)
  • (3). Life histories, ecology, management of upland game/allied species. [Prereq: WLDF 301, 311, or IA. Recommended: WLDF 365. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]
• WLDF 422 Wildlife Management (Mammals)
  • (3). Life histories, ecology, management. [Prereq: WLDF 301, 311, ZOOL 356, or IA. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]
• WLDF 423 Wildlife Management (Nongame Wildlife)
  • (3). Life histories, special management considerations. Specific taxonomic/ecological groups vary. [Prereq: WLDF 301, 311. Rep once. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]

Habitat Ecology / Management

One of the Following:

• WLDF 430 Ecology & Management of Wetlands Habitats for Wildlife
  • (3). Historical, ecological, and management implications of manipulating wetland habitats to benefit wildlife. [Prereq: WLDF 301, 311, or IA. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]
• WLDF 431 Ecology & Management of Upland Habitats for Wildlife
  • (3). Theoretical and applied considerations for managing upland habitats to benefit wildlife species. [Prereq: WLDF 301, 311, or IA. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]

Advanced Classes

Two of the following courses:

• WLDF 450 Principles of Wildlife Diseases
  • (3). Role of disease in wildlife populations; host/ parasite relationships; strategies in controlling diseases. [Prereq: BIOL 105, ZOOL 110, or their equivalents. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]
• WLDF 460 Conservation Biology
  • (3). Endangered species management, reserve design, conservation genetics, related concepts. [Prereq: WLDF 301 (BIOL 330 may substitute), or IA.]
• WLDF 470 Animal Energetics
  • (3). How mammals and birds acquire, conserve, and exploit energy and other resources. Microclimates; relationships to habitat management. [Prereq: BIOL 105; WLDF 301, 311 (ZOOL 310 recommended), or IA. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]
• WLDF 475 Wildlife Ethology
  • (3). Behavior of vertebrates. Relationships between animal behavior and wildlife management/research. [Prereq: WLDF 301, 311, or equivalent, or IA. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]
• WLDF 478 Ecology of Wildlife Populations
  • (3). Factors influencing growth, regulation, structure, and fluctuations of wildlife populations. Population growth, competition, and predator/prey models. [Prereq: WLDF 301, 311, or IA. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]

Capstone Classes

• WLDF 485 Senior Seminar
  • (1). Oral presentation of topic from current literature. [Prereq: WLDF 311 & senior standing. Rep twice.]


• WLDF 490 Honors Thesis
  • (3). Independent research conducted under faculty supervision. [Prereq: WLDF 311, GPA 3.0 or better. Must take in last semester or IA.]
• or
• WLDF 495 Senior Project
  • (3). Independent research, including proposal writing, fieldwork, and completion of a scientific paper. [Prereq: WLDF 311. Must take in last semester or IA. Rep.]

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Option 2 Conservation Biology/Applied Vertebrate Ecology

Download the Major Contract (pdf)
Download the 4 Year Plan (pdf)
Download the GEAR and Major Planning Guide (pdf)
Download the Recommended GEs (pdf)
Download 4 Year Plan Template (pdf)
View the Five Year Course Rotations

LOWER DIVISION

Life Sciences

• BIOL 105 Principles of Biology
  • (4). Fundamental processes of life. Structure and function of cells, genetics, evolution, and ecology. [Prereq: CHEM 107 or 109. All with grade of C - or better. Weekly: 3 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab. GE.]
• BOT 105 General Botany
  • (4). Structure, function, reproduction, life cycles, and phylogenetic relationships of major plant groups. Relationships of plants to other organisms and to human activities. [Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 6 hrs lab. GE.]
• ZOOL 110 Introductory Zoology
  • (4). Structure, function, evolution, and diversity of major groups of animals. [Weekly: 3 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]

Physical Sciences

• CHEM 107 Fundamentals of Chemistry
  • (4). Terminal course. Fundamental concepts and applications of general and inorganic chemistry. [Letter grade only. Prereq: math code 30. Weekly: 3 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab. GE.]
• CHEM 128 Introduction to Organic Chemistry
  • (3). An introductory course in organic chemistry for natural resource majors. Topics will include structure and bonding, nomenclature, and common functional groups and their reactivity. [Prereq: CHEM 107. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]

Mathematics

• MATH 105 Calculus for the Biological Sciences & Natural Resources
  • (3) FS. Differential and integral calculus. Apply to biological sciences, including exponential growth and decay. [Prereq: MATH 115 or math code 50. GE.]
• STAT 109 Introductory Biomstatistics
  • (4). Descriptive statistics, probability, random variables, discrete and continuous distributions, confidence intervals, contingency tests, regression and correlation, tests of hypothesis, analysis of variance. Emphasis: methods and applications used in the biological and natural resource sciences. [Prereq: MATH 115 (may be concurrent with IA) or math code 50 or IA. GE.]

Conservation, Policy & Administration

• WLDF 210 Introduction to Wildlife Conservation & Administration
  • (3). History of relationship between wildlife and people, including laws and regulatory agencies. Different cultural perspectives.
• WLDF 244 Wildlife Policy & Animal Welfare
  • (1). Roles of policy, values, ethics, and animal welfare in research and the management of wildlife. Review relevant laws, with emphasis on Animal Welfare Act. [CR/NC.]

UPPER DIVISION

• WLDF 301 Principles of Wildlife Management
  • (3). Plant / animal ecology; population dynamics; philosophy. [Prereq: MATH 115 or equivalent, WLDF 210, BIOL 105 or BOT 105 or ZOOL 110. GE. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 1 hr disc/quiz; or 3 hrs lect.]
• BOT 330 Plant Ecology (Lecture/Lab)
  • (2). Principles governing structure and dynamics of plant populations and communities. Topics include community sampling, interspecific interactions, population viability analysis, and conservation issues. [Prereq: BIOL 330 or WLDF 301 or WLDF 310 or FOR 231 with a grade of C- or higher.]
• BIOL 340 Genetics
  • (4). Principles of heredity; nature and function of genetic material, with quantitative analyses; genetic constitution of populations. [Prereq: BIOL 105, STAT 109 (or equivalent). All with grade of C- or higher. Weekly: 3 hrs lect, 2 hrs disc/quiz.]
• or
• FISH 474 Conservation Genetics of Fish & Wildlife
  • (4) S. Introductory genetic principles using fish examples. Cytogenetic and quantitative genetic methods in fish culture. Population genetic methods in fishery management. [Prereq: BIOL 105 or equivalent. Weekly: 3 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]


• BOT 350 Plant Taxonomy
  • (4). Identify ferns, gymnosperms, and flowering plants. Recognize families and key plants in the local flora. [Prereq: BIOL 105 and BOT 105, or their equivalents. Both with a grade of C- or higher. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 6 hrs lab or field trip.]
• WLDF 311 Wildlife Techniques
  • (4). Management and research techniques. [Prereq: WLDF 244, WLDF 301, STAT 109 or equivalent, or IA. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 1 hr disc, 3 hrs lab.]
• WLDF 365 Ornithology I
  • (3). Classification, life histories, ecology, behavior, and special adaptations of birds. Identification in field and lab. [Prereq: BIOL 105 and ZOOL 110, or their equivalents. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]
• WLDF 460 Conservation Biology
  • (3). Endangered species management, reserve design, conservation genetics, related concepts. [Prereq: WLDF 301 (BIOL 330 may substitute), or IA.]
• ZOOL 356 Mammalogy
  • (3). Comparative mammalian biology. Systematics, morphology, behavior, reproduction, physiology, ecology, zoogeography. [Prereq: BIOL 105 and ZOOL 110. All with grades of C- or higher. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]

Life Forms & Applied Science/Management

One of the following courses:

• WLDF 420 Wildlife Management (Waterfowl)
  • (3). Life histories, ecology, behavior, management of waterfowl and allied species. [Prereq: WLDF 301, 311, or IA. Recommended: WLDF 365. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]
• WLDF 421 Wildlife Management (Upland Game)
  • (3). Life histories, ecology, management of upland game/allied species. [Prereq: WLDF 301, 311, or IA. Recommended: WLDF 365. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]
• WLDF 422 Wildlife Management (Mammals)
  • (3). Life histories, ecology, management. [Prereq: WLDF 301, 311, ZOOL 356, or IA. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]
• WLDF 423 Wildlife Management (Nongame Wildlife)
  • (3). Life histories, special management considerations. Specific taxonomic/ecological groups vary. [Prereq: WLDF 301, 311. Rep once. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]

Habitat Ecology/Management

One of the following:

• WLDF 430 Ecology & Management of Wetlands Habitats for Wildlife
  • (3). Historical, ecological, and management implications of manipulating wetland habitats to benefit wildlife. [Prereq: WLDF 301, 311, or IA. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]
• WLDF 431 Ecology & Management of Upland Habitats for Wildlife
  • (3). Theoretical and applied considerations for managing upland habitats to benefit wildlife species. [Prereq: WLDF 301, 311, or IA. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]

Advanced Classes

Two courses from the following:

• WLDF 450 Principles of Wildlife Diseases
  • (3). Role of disease in wildlife populations; host/ parasite relationships; strategies in controlling diseases. [Prereq: BIOL 105, ZOOL 110, or their equivalents. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]
• WLDF 470 Animal Energetics
  • (3). How mammals and birds acquire, conserve, and exploit energy and other resources. Microclimates; relationships to habitat management. [Prereq: BIOL 105; WLDF 301, 311 (ZOOL 310 recommended), or IA. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]
• WLDF 475 Wildlife Ethology
  • (3). Behavior of vertebrates. Relationships between animal behavior and wildlife management/research. [Prereq: WLDF 301, 311, or equivalent, or IA. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]
• WLDF 478 Ecology of Wildlife Populations
  • (3). Factors influencing growth, regulation, structure, and fluctuations of wildlife populations. Population growth, competition, and predator/prey models. [Prereq: WLDF 301, 311, or IA. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]

Capstone Classes

• WLDF 485 Senior Seminar
  • (1). Oral presentation of topic from current literature. [Prereq: WLDF 311 & senior standing. Rep twice.]


• WLDF 490 Honors Thesis
  • (3). Independent research conducted under faculty supervision. [Prereq: WLDF 311, GPA 3.0 or better. Must take in last semester or IA.]
or

• WLDF 495 Senior Project
  • (3). Independent research, including proposal writing, fieldwork, and completion of a scientific paper. [Prereq: WLDF 311. Must take in last semester or IA. Rep.]

Elective Course

One of the following courses:

• FISH 310 Ichthyology
  • (4) FS. Biology of fishes and fishlike vertebrates. Anatomy/concepts of systematics of fishes; classifying fishes, particularly commercial, game, and forage species. [Prereq: ZOOL 110. Weekly: 3 hrs lect. 3 hrs lab.]
• GSP 270 Introduction to Geographic Information Science (GIS)
  • (3). Introductory course in Geographic Information Science and spatial analysis involving collection, manipulation, display, and analysis of geographically referenced data. Raster and Vector data, overlays, buffer, proximity analysis and SQL queries. [Prereq: GSP 101 and GSP 101L. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]
• STAT 333 Linear Regression Models/ANOVA
  • (4). Linear regression, analysis of variance, and other linear models applied to experimental and observational studies. Course emphasizes model formulation, assumptions, selection, and interpretation in both hypothesis-testing and descriptive contexts. [Prereq: MATH 113 or MATH 115 or equivalent, and STAT 108 or STAT 109. Weekly: 3 hrs lect, 2 hrs activ.]
• STAT 406 Sampling Design & Analysis
  • (4) F. Randomized sample surveys are used for natural resource monitoring, election polling, plant abundance estimation, and other purposes. This course presents approaches to sample selection and to inference/estimation from sample data. [Prereq: STAT 109 or equivalent. Weekly: 3 hrs lect, 2 hrs activ.]
• STAT 409 Experimental Design & Analysis
  • Analysis of variance and nonparametric alternatives. Designs: nested, randomized complete block, factorial, and fractional factorial. Covariance designs. [Prereq: STAT 108 or STAT 109 or equivalent. Weekly: 3 hrs lect, 2 hrs activ.]
• STAT 508 Multivariate Statistics
  • (4). Analysis of variance and nonparametric alternatives. Designs: nested, randomized complete block, factorial, and fractional factorial. Covariance designs. [Prereq: STAT 108 or STAT 109 or equivalent. Weekly: 3 hrs lect, 2 hrs activ.]
• ZOOL 310 Animal Physiology
  • (4). Comparative organ system physiology of animals. Adaptive strategies. [Prereq: BIOL 105, CHEM 109, PHYX 106, ZOOL 110, or their equivalents. All with grades of C- or higher. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 6 hrs lab.]
• ZOOL 314 Invertebrate Zoology
  • (5). Comparative functional morphology, life histories, and phylogeny of invertebrates. [Prereq: BIOL 105 and ZOOL 110. All with grades of C- or higher. Weekly: 3 hrs lect, 6 hrs lab.]
• ZOOL 354 Herpetology
  • (4). Biology, classification, anatomy, distribution, and life histories of amphibians and reptiles. [Prereq: BIOL 105 and ZOOL 110. All with grades of C- or higher. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 6 hrs lab.]
• ZOOL 358 General Entomology
  • (4). Classification, identification, anatomy, physiology, ecology, behavior, control of insects. [Prereqs: BIOL 105 and ZOOL 110. All with grades of C- or higher. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 6 hrs lab/field trip.]

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Requirements for the Minor (suspended)

Required Courses

• WLDF 301 Principles of Wildlife Management
  • (3). Plant / animal ecology; population dynamics; philosophy. [Prereq: MATH 115 or equivalent, WLDF 210, BIOL 105 or BOT 105 or ZOOL 110. GE. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 1 hr disc/quiz; or 3 hrs lect.]
• WLDF 311 Wildlife Techniques
  • (4). Management and research techniques. [Prereq: WLDF 244, WLDF 301, STAT 109 or equivalent, or IA. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 1 hr disc, 3 hrs lab.]


• WLDF 365 Ornithology I
  • (3). Classification, life histories, ecology, behavior, and special adaptations of birds. Identification in field and lab. [Prereq: BIOL 105 and ZOOL 110, or their equivalents. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]
• or
• ZOOL 354 Herpetology
  • (4). Biology, classification, anatomy, distribution, and life histories of amphibians and reptiles. [Prereq: BIOL 105 and ZOOL 110. All with grades of C- or higher. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 6 hrs lab.]
• or
• ZOOL 356 Mammalogy
  • (3). Comparative mammalian biology. Systematics, morphology, behavior, reproduction, physiology, ecology, zoogeography. [Prereq: BIOL 105 and ZOOL 110. All with grades of C- or higher. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]

Note: WLDF 301 and 365 have the following prerequisites: MATH 115, BIOL 105, ZOOL 110; BIOM 109 or STAT 108; or their equivalents.

Restricted Electives

One course from the following:

• WLDF 430 Ecology & Management of Wetlands Habitats for Wildlife
  • (3). Historical, ecological, and management implications of manipulating wetland habitats to benefit wildlife. [Prereq: WLDF 301, 311, or IA. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]
• WLDF 431 Ecology & Management of Upland Habitats for Wildlife
  • (3). Theoretical and applied considerations for managing upland habitats to benefit wildlife species. [Prereq: WLDF 301, 311, or IA. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]
• WLDF 460 Conservation Biology
  • (3). Endangered species management, reserve design, conservation genetics, related concepts. [Prereq: WLDF 301 (BIOL 330 may substitute), or IA.]


• One additional course from the following:
  
• WLDF 420 Wildlife Management (Waterfowl)
  • (3). Life histories, ecology, behavior, management of waterfowl and allied species. [Prereq: WLDF 301, 311, or IA. Recommended: WLDF 365. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]
• WLDF 421 Wildlife Management (Upland Game)
  • (3). Life histories, ecology, management of upland game/allied species. [Prereq: WLDF 301, 311, or IA. Recommended: WLDF 365. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]
• WLDF 422 Wildlife Management (Mammals)
  • (3). Life histories, ecology, management. [Prereq: WLDF 301, 311, ZOOL 356, or IA. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]
• WLDF 423 Wildlife Management (Nongame Wildlife)
  • (3). Life histories, special management considerations. Specific taxonomic/ecological groups vary. [Prereq: WLDF 301, 311. Rep once. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]
• WLDF 430 Ecology & Management of Wetlands Habitats for Wildlife
  • (3). Historical, ecological, and management implications of manipulating wetland habitats to benefit wildlife. [Prereq: WLDF 301, 311, or IA. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]
• WLDF 431 Ecology & Management of Upland Habitats for Wildlife
  • 3). Theoretical and applied considerations for managing upland habitats to benefit wildlife species. [Prereq: WLDF 301, 311, or IA. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]
• WLDF 450 Principles of Wildlife Diseases
  • (3). Role of disease in wildlife populations; host/ parasite relationships; strategies in controlling diseases. [Prereq: BIOL 105, ZOOL 110, or their equivalents. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]
• WLDF 460 Conservation Biology
  • (3). Endangered species management, reserve design, conservation genetics, related concepts. [Prereq: WLDF 301 (BIOL 330 may substitute), or IA.]
• WLDF 470 Animal Energetics
  • (3). How mammals and birds acquire, conserve, and exploit energy and other resources. Microclimates; relationships to habitat management. [Prereq: BIOL 105; WLDF 301, 311 (ZOOL 310 recommended), or IA. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]
• WLDF 475 Wildlife Ethology
  • (3). Behavior of vertebrates. Relationships between animal behavior and wildlife management/research. [Prereq: WLDF 301, 311, or equivalent, or IA. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]
• WLDF 478 Ecology of Wildlife Populations
  • (3). Factors influencing growth, regulation, structure, and fluctuations of wildlife populations. Population growth, competition, and predator/prey models. [Prereq: WLDF 301, 311, or IA. Weekly: 2 hrs lect, 3 hrs lab.]